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云南德钦的梅里雪山和雨崩相信许多喜爱旅游的朋友都耳熟能详。而我,算上这次的雨崩6天之行因该是今年第3次带驴友来到梅里雪山,过去的2010年214国道迎来的是一场人工的灾难,从去年4月后开始破土动工修建二级公路,但至今未果,直到这次我们雨崩之行结束返回香格里拉道路状况还是一片狼藉……在痛苦的颠簸后,最让人期盼的就是让这条令人神往滇藏路能够早日迎来崭新的面目。在全封闭施工的这些日子里,还是有许多不畏艰险游人或组织者绞尽脑汁设法来到这里,梅里雪山的神秘诱惑确实是让人无法抵挡,绕路、换车、打时间差、寻觅小路、连夜狂赶……一系列能够想到的办法都在“只要能到梅里”的欲望驱使下产生。到现在如果你要问“梅里雪山、雨崩能去吗?”回答一定是:“可以去!”“幸苦吗?”“确实很幸苦”……现在总算好了,路是通了,只是还有些难走,反正滇藏线总是在缝缝补补又一年中度过的……先不说这些了,既然能去,就算是我这样到过这里许多次的人也同样向往,并且依旧如此激动!带队这次的雨崩之行也是非常另人满意的,原因是特殊的天气让我们全团人都感受了不一样的雨崩!清晨的日照金山分外令人震惊!雨崩神瀑浮云中夹杂的大雪更是为我们此次朝圣之旅增添了洁白和纯净。梅里雪山是藏民心中的神山,当看到他时敬畏油然而生,卡瓦格博早在800年前就被藏民奉为神山,而且是藏区八大神山中唯一的男性神山,每年秋冬季节,尤其是这个时候,许多来自西藏、四川、青海等滴的藏民到此朝山转经,其中雨崩神瀑是比去之地,因为转经的人们都相信,能够被“雨崩神瀑淋湿,就能求得福气!接下来再慢慢介绍,全篇大概会有400多幅全都是梅里雪山和雨崩的图片,相信你一定能够看个大致的过瘾。其中整个行程中的香格里拉、虎跳峡等其他部分的介绍我都省略了,因为那些不是本帖的重点,而且现在整个丽江的自助游线路都是大同小异!照片也是漫天飞舞,参差不齐。我就不做太多的描述了,慢慢看,看我们一趟雨崩之行到底能够感受到些什么,值不值得!就请跟我的镜头扫过,一有时间我会慢慢更新的,不过按照惯例我还是将和往常发新贴一样先做个记录:行程时间:6日 里程:丽江-香格里拉180公里 香格里拉-飞来寺 200公里足有 飞来寺-西当温泉50公里左右 西当温泉-南宗垭口 12公里(徒步)南宗垭口-上雨崩7公里(徒步) 雨崩-冰湖 12公里(徒步)雨崩-神瀑7公里 (徒步)人数:10人 用车:福特 方式:丽江云行户外俱乐部 活动 徒步里程:80公里左右(3天完成) 气温跨度:-3°——15° 相机:50D 18-270具体攻略可见 www.aaa5.com 提示:备一个小背包,在徙步时,小包内只要装上一套换洗内衣、裤,可以背相机、饮料、食物即可。进雨崩切记不用带太多的东西,轻松上阵。厚一点的袜子二到三双,最好是户外袜,通气性强,穿久了也不会有异味。雨崩里面的条件是非常有限的,但手机和相机充电是完全没有问的,信号是时有时无,进山之前最好是先和家里打好电话以免担心,驴友有必要准备一些常备药。其他的就无所谓了,外话:在梅里雪山、雨崩等藏区很神圣的地方最好是不要乱说话,跨经幡,要尊重当地风俗习惯,我见过很多这类不注意的人和事情,乱说话可能会给自己带来不好的运气……云南最美的村寨-雨崩还是由于修路的原因我们不得不第一天就直接从丽江到飞来寺住下,当天晚上没有风,从来没有见过这么多星星的夜晚,美极了,一道道的银河好像就在头顶不远处,梅里雪山只在我们对面留下了一道轮廓,由于光线太暗,根本没办法对焦,花了半个多小时就曝了下图这么仅有的一张12点钟的梅里雪山。第二天清晨,在住所窗口架上三脚架拍的梅里雪山全景,只是广角不够28的广角确实很尴尬。这个是日照金山开始的前兆,天气真是太好了,不过这段时间能够看到日照金山的几率是非常高的!我边拍边叫醒同行的团友,这样的风景是绝对不允许错过的。梅里雪山是藏民心中的神山,十三峰一字排开,让人领会到自然的伟大,敬畏油然而生。日照金山的那一刻,白马山头观景处一片寂静,放佛所有的人都深怕打扰了神山焕发光彩。神女峰是我看到过这么多雪山中最秀美的一座山峰,每次到梅里总是先把镜头对准她,与卡瓦格博截然不同的是她的气质一眼就能看出似女人的高贵,旁边的五冠峰依偎在右侧传说是卡瓦格博与神女峰的儿子。卡瓦格博6740米,云南第一高峰,威仪俊朗锐利如剑锋直指天空,尊严从不轻易让人朝觐。雨崩神瀑其实就是从五冠峰高耸的悬崖顶坠下,因水源为神山的雪水,所以特别神圣.日出那一刻,满目皆是金山。快马下到飞来寺新修的观景台,这里确实是最佳的观景位置,只是收费有点昂贵,60元的费用真是让人望而生畏……好在我来过多次混了个脸熟,领队证也没有出示,直接进去狂怕。日照金山是很短暂的,夏天出来的时间会早一些大概7点15左右,而冬天金山是8点后才慢慢出来,但冬天和春天的天空会更加清澈。看到过很多拍金山的照片颜色过于鲜艳,看起来还真如金子般绚丽,其实真正当时的颜色是很不好把握的,相机不同拍出来的效果和颜色是完全不一样的,这个把握相信谁都做不好,当时看到的场景颜色和照片差别太大。远瞰这片村寨好像就在卡瓦格博主峰脚下,其实这里离主峰还有很远,真正主峰脚下的村寨是明永村。不能只顾关注雪山了,其实佛塔和雪山的配合才显得分出彩。在佛塔前拍梅里雪山会更具有浓厚的宗教色彩。回复 mxhsz889 的帖子呵呵,谢谢,正在发,会陆续更新的!瓦格博在眼前显得特别高大,每个季节来看到他都不一样,非常神奇!因为当天就要进雨崩村,天已经很亮,大概已经9点多了,我还在继续不断的拍会很晚才能进到雨崩村里,飞来寺下去到西当温泉还有50公里的山路要开车进去,到西当温泉后就只能徒步进山了。 集结了所有团友准备出发!回复 歪歪_79 的帖子嗯,一定加油!不过平时工作忙,我一有空就会来发帖的!谢谢版主支持!!从飞来寺下去会有两条线路,一条是西当也就是去雨崩的必经之地,另外一条就是去明永冰川,明永冰川大概需要徒步2个多小时,冰川像一条凝固的河流从卡瓦格博主峰的山谷汹涌而下,冰面下就是雪水流水声震耳欲聋,明永冰川也是不非常不错的景点,只是我们这次的重点在雨崩,所以就不对这里做太多的图片介绍了。雪山周边的密林深处,经常会看到朝圣的藏民,他们世世代代与神山交往,虔诚地视神山如祖辈,所以卡瓦格博也叫做阿尼(爷爷的意思)卡瓦格博。到梅里雪山就怕广角不够用,28的广角总是差了一大截,没办法,换个方法把整个雪山群拿下.先谢谢以上给位朋友帮顶!!!!{5_135}在不同的平面看雪山会有截然不同的效果,这个地方是在前往西当村的路上的澜沧江大峡谷边拍到的。之后我还会贴上一些不同的角度给大家参考,因为很少有人去拍这样的角度,所以建议大家留意一下,不然大家的照片都一样也就没意思了。回复 摩托摩托 的帖子嗯,雨崩的就在后面,稍等。卡瓦格博和明永冰川。从飞来寺开车往下大概15分钟左右会到达一个挂满经幡的神台,这里看到的神女峰和在飞来寺观景台上完全就是两个模样。听过很多人说梅里十三峰他们怎么数都没有十三座?其实你换到这个角度就会明白为什么数不出有十三座了,因为有些山头是需要到特定的角度才能看到的。澜沧江梅里大峡谷,过了这个峡谷才能到达西当村,这里也只有唯一一座能够过峡谷的大桥,桥前面就是雨崩景区的门票口,所以到雨崩想逃票有点不大可能……呵呵。这个角度的卡瓦格博我相信很多人都没有看到过,这个是我们从西当温泉出发后爬到山的另一个侧面拍到的,而这个位置可以同时看到白马雪山群和梅里雪山群,但由于密林遮挡这里其实根本不是理想的拍摄位置,而且到这里很容易迷路,坡也非常难爬,还有比较危险,所以不推荐到这里来,我自己去年走过这边,但是今年还差点迷了路,好不容易在天黑之前找到了大路,不然真的头大了……如果你对自己有信心,体力超强的话可以考虑从南宗垭口再往南上坡20公里的样子估计能找到这里,不过,呵呵还是不推荐去,因为如果没有向导,在这里迷路到时候哭都没用了…… 从迷途中出来找到了一条大路,这条大路虽然可以到南宗垭口但还是走个没完没了的,但路上的景色确实让我感受不一般!([]
最新章节: 第521章 超级飞侠 ( 2024-06-29 06:51:54)
更新时间: 2024-06-29 07:57:39
走进世博会——中国2010年上海世博会介绍(世博系列之一)目 录 前言 一、世界博览会历史 1、世界博览会的由来 2、历届世博会主办城市、名称和主 3、以往部分世博会简介 二、中国与世界博览会 1、中国与世博会的渊源 2、中国参加世博会的获奖产品 3、新中国参加过的历届世博会 4、中国以往举办的世园会 三、2010年世界博览会(Expo 2010)总体介绍 1、上海世博会申办的过程 2、世博会主 3、会徽 4、吉祥物 5、确认参展的国家和组织 6、上海世博会场地 7、上海世博会园区规划 8、2010年上海世博会门票 9、上海世博会世博轴 10、上海世博会世博公园 11、上海世博会演艺中心 12、上海世博会世博中心 13、上海世博会世博论坛 14、上海世博会网上世博会 15、上海世博会文化演艺活动 16、上海世博会世博村 四、参展展馆 1、上海世博会主馆 2、上海世博会中国国家馆 3、亚洲馆 4、欧洲馆 5、美洲馆 6、非洲馆 7、大洋洲馆 8、其他国际组织馆 9、企业馆 10、上海世博会城市最佳实践区1# 老顽童thtsjy 前 言 2010年是世博年,我们作为本届世博会举办地——上海的市民,愿为世博会尽绵薄之力。为此,我们综合了参观《走进世博会——中国2010年世博会暨世博会历史回顾展览》(在上海展览馆举办)、探访“中国2010年上海世博会展示中心”(位于淮海中路香港新世界大厦三楼)以及收集的有关世博会资料,整理成庚寅年第一帖,奉献给诸位参考。鉴于我们自身文字和拍照水平的局限、收集资料渠道的受限、整理功力的有限,本帖存在诸多不足,恳请各位指教,深表感谢! 16# zj522522 感谢以上各位支持,祝你们虎年吉祥! 17# 老顽童thtsjy 一、世界博览会历史 1、世界博览会的由来 在古代农耕社会,人们往往在庆贺丰收、宗教仪式、欢度喜庆的节日里展开交易活动,后来逐渐发展成为定期的、有固定场所的、以物品交换为目的的大型贸易及展示的集会。这就是世博会的最早形式。公元5世纪,波斯举办了第一个超越集市功能的展览会。 18世纪,随着新技术和新产品的不断出现,人们逐渐想到举办与集市相似,但只展不卖,以宣传、展出新产品和成果为目的的展览会。1791年捷克在首都布拉格首次举办了这样的展览会。随着科学技术的进步,社会生产力的发展,展览会的规模也逐步扩大,参展的地域范围从一地扩大到全国,由国内延伸到国外,直至发展成为由许多国家参与的世界性博览会。 26# 老顽童thtsjy 2、历届世博会主办城市、名称和主1851年英国伦敦万国工业产品大博览会1853年美国纽约万国工业产品博览会1855年法国巴黎世界工农业和艺术博览会1862年英国伦敦国际工业和艺术博览会1865年爱尔兰都柏林世界博览会1867年法国巴黎第2届巴黎世界博览会1873年奥地利维也纳世界博览会1876年美国费城美国独立百年展览会1878年法国巴黎第3届巴黎世界博览会1880年澳大利亚墨尔本世界博览会1883年荷兰阿姆斯特丹国际博览会1889年法国巴黎第4届巴黎世界博览会1893年美国芝加哥哥伦布纪念博览会1897年比利时布鲁塞尔世界博览会1900年法国巴黎第5届巴黎世界博览会1904年美国纪念路易斯安娜购置一百周年博览会1905年比利时列日世界博览会1906年意大利米兰世界博览会1908年英国伦敦世界博览会1910年比利时布鲁塞尔世界博览会1913年比利时甘特世界博览会1915年美国旧金山巴拿马太平洋博览会1925年法国巴黎国际装饰美术博览会1926年美国费城建国150周年世界博览会1929年西班牙巴塞罗那世界博览会1933年美国芝加哥世界博览会——“一个世纪的进步”1935年比利时布鲁塞尔万国博览会——“通过竞争获取和平”1936年瑞典斯德哥尔摩世界博览会1937年法国巴黎现代生活艺术世界博览会——“现代世界的艺术和技术”1938年芬兰赫尔辛基航空世界博览会1939年比利时国际水资源博览会1939-1940年美国纽约世界博览会——“明日新世界”1939-1940年美国旧金山金门世界博览会1949年瑞典国际体育博览会1949年海地王子港世界博览会1953年以色列耶路撒冷世界博览会1954年意大利航海世界博览会1955年瑞典世界生活艺术博览会1955年意大利都灵国际体育博览会1956年以色列柑橘栽培展览会1957年德国柏林世界博览会1958比利时布鲁塞尔世界博览会——“科学、文明和人性”1961年意大利都灵世界博览会1962年美国西雅图廿一世纪博览——“太空时代的人类”1964-1965年美国纽约世界博览会——“通过理解走向和平”1965年德国慕尼黑交通运输世界博览会1967年加拿大蒙持利尔世界博览会——“人类与世界”1968年美国圣安东尼奥世界博览会——“美洲大陆的文化交流”1970年日本大阪日本世界博览会——“人类的进步与和谐”1971年匈牙利布达佩斯世界狩猎博览会1974年美国斯波坎环境世界博览会——“无污染的进步”1975年日本冲绳国际海洋博览会——“海洋-充满希望的未来”1981年保加利亚普罗夫迪夫世界博览会1982年美国诺克斯维世界能源博览会——“能源-世界的原动力”1984年美国新奥尔良路易西安纳世界博览会——“河流的世界-水乃生命之源”1985年日本筑波万国博览会——“居住与环境人类的家居科技”1985年保加利亚普罗夫迪夫世界博览会1986年加拿大温哥华世界交通与通讯博览会——“交通与运输”1988年澳大利亚布里斯班世界博览会——“科技时代的休闲生活”1990年日本大阪世界博览会——“人类与自然”1991年保加利亚普罗夫迪夫世界博览会1992年西班牙塞维利亚世界博览会——“发现的时代”1992年意大利热那亚世界博览会——“哥伦布-船与海”1993年韩国大田世界博览会——“新的起飞之路”1998年葡萄牙里斯本海洋博览会——“海洋——未来的财富”1999年中国昆明世界博览会——“人与自然,迈向二十一世纪”2000年德国汉诺威世界博览会——“人类-自然-科技-发展”2005年日本爱知爱.地球博——“自然、城市、和谐——生活的艺术”2008年西班牙萨拉戈萨世界博览会2010年中国上海世界博览会——“城市,让生活更美好”2012年韩国丽水世界博览会2015年意大利米兰世界博览会 29# 老顽童thtsjy 3、历届部分世博会简介 水晶宫的魅力——1851年英国伦敦第一届世界博览会纪实 全世界第一场世界博览会——1851年万国工业博览会在英国首都伦敦的海德公园举行,展期是1851年5月1日至10月11日,主要内容是世界文化与工业科技,借此博览会英国在当时展现了工业革命后技冠群雄、傲视全球的辉煌成果。 “天时、地利、人和”催发了首届世博会 19世纪前半叶,欧洲工业革命正如火如荼地进行,科学技术的飞速发展,使人类生活发生了巨大的变化。 在英国,自维多利亚女王登基后,当时的英国在世界工业中一马当先。同时资本的高速聚集和运作,英国也成为当时欧洲金融的中心。这些因素触发了英国将在世界舞台上演绎主角的欲望。 此前,欧洲各国举办工业博览会已不是新鲜事,特别是英国、法国在工业革命的推动下,都举办了多届有影响的工业产品博览会,以此来推广本国的工业生产技术和宣传新产品。频频举办工业博览会使英国萌发了举办一次世界各国参与的博览会。 成立于1754年的英国皇家艺术协会历来承担国家展览会的组织工作,担任皇家艺术协会主席的阿尔伯特亲王具有一种与传统理念所不同的开明思想和创新精神。1849年,艺术协会开始酝酿筹划规模更大的博览会时,阿尔伯特提出“博览会必须是国际性的、展品要有外国产品参加”的设想,要求能在伦敦海德公园中找到最好的展览场地,以举办一届规模宏大的世界博览会。 “天时、地利、人和”催发了第一届世博会在英国诞生。 确立规则,女王广邀宾客 1849年6月30日,一次历史性的会议在白金汉宫召开,参加者有皇家艺术协会成员、全国博览会组委会成员、建筑公司成员和阿尔伯特亲王。会议作出了7项重要决定:1、世博会展品分为四个大类:原材料、机械、工业制品和雕塑作品;2、将建一幢特别临时建筑作为世博会展厅;3、举办场地选在海德公园南侧;4、博览会将是国际性的,由国家发出参展邀请;5、组委会将提供大量奖金以鼓励参展者;6、将成立一个皇家委员会来主办世博会;7、世博会财政集资由艺术家协会负责。 会议之后,组委会立即起草并提交给政府关于成立世博会皇家委员会的申请。组委会成员到英格兰、苏格兰和爱尔兰的65个城镇和法国等一些欧洲国家进行了游说,动员参展。 1849年10月17日,组委会举行了一次大规模的公共会议,向伦敦市最有影响力的商人和银行家描述了世博会的整个计划。艺术协会的项目融资也有了进展,25万英镑的保证金解决了财务问。很快,议会两院也以多数票同意在海德公园内举行博览会。 1850年1月3日,世博会皇家委员会成立。随后,维多利亚女王便以国家名义向世界各国发出世博会参展邀请。 31# 老顽童thtsjy 一个方案拯救了首届世博会 世博会的筹备工作开局颇为顺利,但是困难却是接踵而来。一是时间紧,距世博会开幕仅有一年半,具体工作尚未启动;二是集资困难,运作资金尚有很大缺口;三是社会上有大量意见反对使用海德公园举办世博会,因为建造展馆将会破坏树林和环境。但最大的麻烦是世博会展馆的设计与建造问。 1849年底成立的世博会建筑委员会立即向各国发出展馆设计的邀请。尽管方案征集仅有三个星期,但委员会仍收到245个方案,却没有一个获胜者。因为所有方案都是古典、永久性的建筑形式。这不仅使阿尔伯特等陷入困境,甚至有导致世博会流产的危险。 正在皇家委员会一筹莫展时,一个不经意的方案不仅成功地挽救了世博会,更是成为人类历史上的里程碑作品,甚至建筑物作品的本身成为了第一届世博会最成功的展品。这便是园艺工约瑟夫·帕克斯顿和他的创作“水晶宫”。 意外发现睡莲化作“水晶宫” 1837年,一位英国探险家在圭亚那发现美丽的王莲,便采集种子带回英国交给查丝华斯庄园首席园艺师约瑟夫·帕克斯顿(Joseph Paxton)种植。三个月后,王莲长出11片巨大的叶子和开出美丽的花朵。帕克斯顿将花以维多利亚命名王莲Victoria amazonica Sowerby(Royal Water Lily,Amazon Water-platter),并作为礼物送给了维多利亚女王。自此他与阿尔伯特亲王相识并成为挚友。 王莲越长越大。有一天他把7岁的小女儿抱在其中一片叶子上观赏花朵,水上飘逸的绿叶居然轻而易举地承担起她的体重。帕克斯顿翻开叶子观察其背面,只见粗壮的径脉纵横呈环形交错,构成既美观又可以负担巨大的承重力的整体。这个发现顿时给了他灵感,一种新的建筑理念在脑中形成。不久他在为王莲建造查丝华斯温室时,用铁栏和木制拱胁为结构、玻璃为墙面,首创了新颖的温室。该建筑除了简洁明快的功能外,建筑构件可以预先制造,不同构件可以根据建筑大小需要组合装配,这样的建筑成本低廉,施工快捷。 帕克斯顿听说了在海德公园建造展览场馆之事,立即毛遂自荐愿意提供他的建筑方案。 帕克斯顿的设计方案在众人的关注下最终被敲定,记者Douglas Jerrold在报上将它称之为“水晶宫”,这个名称一直流传至今。1850年9月26日,水晶宫奠基。6个月不到就竣工了。 整幢建筑是现代化大规模工业生产技术的结晶。 38# 老顽童thtsjy 博览盛会,创造历史 水晶宫建造的同时,组委会挑选和收集各类展品的工作进展加快。博览会共有18000个参加商,提供了10万多件展品。 组委会另设特别评选委员会对展品评选,评出5084奖项,其中外国人获得3045项。 1851年5月1日早上9时,水晶宫开门接纳来参加开幕式的客人。50多万人聚集在海德公园四周。11时30分,9驾皇家马车列队离开了白金汉宫前往海德公园参加世博会开幕大典,12时的钟声敲响,在“哈利路亚”乐曲声中,王室和他们的随行人员进入展览宫。 水晶宫内挂满万国彩旗,参观人流摩肩接踵,各种工艺品、艺术雕塑琳琅满目、目不暇接。人们惊奇地观看来自不同国家的发明、珍奇和不同产品。 参观者最感兴趣的是不同的机器发明。人们目瞪口呆地看着开槽机,钻孔机,拉线机,纺纱机,造币机,抽水机等各种机器工作,让人领悟到工业革命给世界带来的变化。 当然,最受赞誉的还是水晶宫,这座原本是为世博会展品提供展示的场馆却成了第一届世博会中最成功的作品和展品。水晶宫成为世博会的志。水晶宫成就了世博会的举办,世博会的成功又为世界上第一次聚集众多国家,为了一个和平的目的交流不同文化、科技成果开创了先例。 1851年共有6039195人次参观了首届世博会。 同年10月14日伦敦世博会举行了闭幕式,世博会圆满结束,并获得了186437英镑的利润。 世博会结束后水晶宫移至伦敦南部的西得汉姆,并以更大的规模重新建造,1854年6月10日由维多利亚女王主持向公众开放。它作为伦敦的娱乐中心存在了82年。1936年11月30日晚上6点,中央大厅员工厕所突然着火,大火烧遍了整幢建筑。水晶宫的焚毁宣告了辉煌的维多利亚时代结束。 43# 老顽童thtsjy 1853年美国纽约世博会 1853年的世博会在美国纽约举办,主办者效仿英国也用钢铁和玻璃建造了一个大型展馆,同样称之为“水晶宫”,但规模却小得多,仅及英国的三分之一。 45# 老顽童thtsjy 46# 老顽童thtsjy 胜家缝纫机公司(Singer)是美国第一家成功的跨国公司,其主打产品——缝纫机被誉为继农用锄具发明之后的又一伟大发明,并被称为“世界上最著名的机械”。1853年纽约世博会上展出的胜家缝纫机已具备以后一百多年间的家用缝纫机的基本功能。 47# 老顽童thtsjy 48# 老顽童thtsjy 1852年,奥的斯发明了动力上升梯子的安全装置,并在1853年纽约世博会上演示其发明。现代电梯仍使用奥的斯当年的发明创造。 52# 老顽童thtsjy 1865年爱尔兰都柏林世博会 1865年爱尔兰都柏林世博会上,一种起源于古罗马、风行于16世纪欧洲宫廷、而为爱尔兰妇女所钟爱的蕾丝作品,以其华美典丽而令人炫目,并由此推广成为平民女子的美丽服饰。 54# 老顽童thtsjy 1867年巴黎世博会 1867年在法国巴黎举办的世博会,已经具备了现代世博会的雏形。主展馆为490X380米的巨大橄圆形建筑,中心为公园,四周为展厅,16条通道分割展区,给各参展国设计自己独立的展馆。 57# 老顽童thtsjy 蓝色的多瑙河——记1873年维也纳世博会 世博会的举办与规划 十九世纪中后期,通过举办世博会来提高国家地位,已被许多国家认同和追逐。1870年,奥地利政府为将首都维也纳推进到世界先进城市行列,同时也为清除1866年普奥战争失败后的笼罩在城市上空的阴霾,向世界宣布:举办1873年维也纳世界博览会,主为纪念约瑟夫一世执政25周年。 世博会举办地选择在风光秀丽的多瑙河边,这条河随着几年前施特劳斯著名的圆舞曲《蓝色的多瑙河》而名声鹊起。维也纳中央公园被选作博览会会场,面积达233公倾。维也纳市政当局想利用举办世博会的时机,对旧城区建筑大举实施改造,拆去城壁,打通市中心与郊外的联系,多瑙河也在整改范围之列,涉及水道绵延半英里,拓展河道工程产生的50万立方的砂砾被用于世博会会址之用。整个工程规划由建筑师凯利·哈森那根据意大利文艺复兴时期的风格设计。由于前几届世博会的启示,维也纳世博会的组织者已开始注重建筑的功能与美观结合,强调建筑的整体魅力。设计中的宏伟庞大的主建筑群——工业宫,面积达7万平方米,工业宫建筑结构合理,长907米,宽206米。中央与园顶大厅相连,两侧留有宽25米主廊,主廊与长145米、宽15米的侧廊相交。侧廊之间有多个宽45米,长75米庭院,所有建筑均建有屋顶,观众入口装饰处建造了凯旋门和不同历史风格的大门。工业宫建筑开创了世博会历史中建造大型联体展览建筑物的先列。 60# 老顽童thtsjy 世界第八大奇观——圆顶大厅罗托纳达 维也纳世博会上建筑亮点是由斯各特·罗素设计的工业宫中央圆顶大厅罗托纳达。罗素曾担任1851年伦敦世博会参展委员会的秘书。该大厅设计显然受到了1851年世博会“官方”建筑计划书的启发,风格极其相同。 罗托纳达圆形大厅,顶高83米,直径约110米,成为当时世界上最大的圆顶大厅建筑,比罗马的圣·皮耶尔大教堂的48米圆顶和伦敦的圣保罗大教堂37米圆顶确实大了许多。圆形大厅的结构也是用金属制作,建设周期仅18个月,时间之短在当时令人难以置信。建筑被称之为世界第八大奇观。圆形大厅其锥形屋顶由32根粗大的柱子支撑,圆顶之上有一个直径为28米的穹隆塔顶,再上面是一个直径为7米的小型穹隆灯塔,最高处是一个奥地利皇冠的巨大复制品,由皇冠珠宝的仿制品装饰。 这个巨大的园顶建筑物引起了轰动效应,也倾倒了观众。世博会期间共有206270位参观者踏着台阶登到圆顶皇冠处,饱览维也纳城市的迷人景色并为壮观的建筑而荣耀。 整个博览会除工业宫建筑群外,还有机械厅、美术馆、园艺馆等新建190多幢建筑,整个世博会把现实和艺术,现代和古老,东方和西方不同建筑元素和谐地融为一体。 64# 老顽童thtsjy 布展独特展品丰富 建筑群内的中央广场呈东西走向,圆形大厅中央安放着土耳其苏丹二赠送的美丽装饰喷泉。四周由回廊环绕,陈列各国展品。维也纳世博会组织者,为了使展品分类越加合理,将展品分成26种,分类数增加到162个,其目的是“将创造发明、工业化生产与人类教育、生活品味和生活质量的发展相适应”。 16个展示厅内布局根据国家位置而设计展示体系,每个国家的展品都靠着其地理上的邻国,所以只要观赏了不同国家的展品,就可以获知基本的世界地理知识。 奥地利展品中给人印象比较深的是一副刻画政治家在普法战争中形象的象牙棋子和一颗重达8吨、长50英尺放置在水银池中的巨型炮弹,使人想起1866年那场不幸的那场战争。 埃及展示了世界注目的苏伊士运河工程模型。埃及政府把设计展区的任务委托给了一批德国的著名埃及史研究专家。他们在设计中将四年前刚开始动工的工程建筑与埃及风光、风情巧妙结合,把埃及的地理、历史和社会进程关系完美的展示给观众。 瑞典提供了一个模范学校的教育展示,从教室的课桌设计到学生教材丛书和办学规划,让观众了解公共教育的重要性。 维也纳世博会主办者强调发明和设计理念:科学和艺术,工业和手艺、过去和将来之间,需在美感和实用性的大前提下具有审美价值,构建完美的和谐关系。文化艺术类展品则显示了主办国-维也纳城市特有的强项。 世博会中,奥地利为维也纳城市设计了专展览,展览以丰富多样的形式,详细阐述了建成于罗马时代的维也纳城市中城堡、宫殿、街道、广场和著名建筑物的历史故事。该展览最令人激动的是节日欢庆和比赛活动部分,每天的露天音乐会,由约翰.施特劳斯指挥管弦乐队演奏不同圆舞曲和圣歌,当然最受欢迎的便是“蓝色的多瑙河”,因为只有在音乐之都-维也纳,在美丽的多瑙河边,在世博会特有欢乐的氛围中聆听施特劳斯亲自演绎的“蓝色的多瑙河”,才能真正体验和感受到艺术家的真情和艺术作品的魅力所在。 维也纳世博会中有两个艺术展馆展示来自世界各地的艺术珍品。法国、俄罗斯提供了众多的名家绘画作品。维也纳画家汉斯麦卡特画成的那幅长17米宽4米的巨作,尤其受人瞩目。 古典艺术品中有希腊、意大利送来的大理石雕像,其中有帕台农圣庙的复制品和米洛的维纳斯雕像,据说当时维纳斯的双手还在。 维也纳世博会于1873年5月1日开幕,11月2日闭幕,共有35个国家、4万多参展商应邀参加,仅有725万人次参观了世博会。最后财务的统计表明,世博会的总投资956万美元,但收益仅是其开支的六分之一,被认为是19世纪重大的财政失败例子之一。 维也纳世博会结束后,工业宫部分建筑群成为了维也纳玉米交易所,机器厅等被专门划出用于北方铁路货物和谷物储存中心。但是工业宫建筑和著名的圆顶建筑也同许多历史上世博会建筑一样,遭遇了悲惨的命运,它被1937年的一场大火摧毁。 66# 老顽童thtsjy 1876年费城世博会 1876年的美国费城世博会是一次重要的博览会,这是一届为庆祝美国建国百年而举办的世博会。费城的费尔蒙特公园,是世界上最大的城市公园,也是1876年世博会会址。 68# 老顽童thtsjy 自由女神像是法国赠送给美国的礼物。为参加费城世博会庆典,就将已完成了的自由女神像手臂和火炬先送去。直到1886年,自由女神像才在美国纽约安装完毕。 70# 老顽童thtsjy 爱迪生是19世纪最伟大的发明家,他的许多发明都曾在早期世博会上展出。 73# 老顽童thtsjy 就在这一年,贝尔博士发明了世界第一部电话,立即送到了博览会上展出,也是在这一年,中国第一条铁路在吴淞至上海开通。 75# 老顽童thtsjy 1878年法国巴黎世博会 爱迪生发明的话筒、留声机等在本届世博会上展出。 78# 老顽童thtsjy 永远的埃菲尔铁塔——1889年巴黎世博会的产物 铁塔的由来 1884年11月8日,法国下院议会做出决定:1889年5月3日至11月6日,法国巴黎将举办第三届世博会。主:庆祝法国大革命胜利100周年。 1886年5月,世博会组委会组织博览会的规划设计招。中者中有设计师古斯塔夫·埃菲尔。埃菲尔建议世博会场地放在巴黎火星广场和托罗卡德罗地区,展览面积100公顷。他在规划中创意建造一座300米高的志性建筑塔。 世博会的组织者们更是兴奋地建议:百年盛会中建造的志性高塔建筑,必须征集到大师们的作品,因为只有大师蕴涵的艺术天赋作品才能完美体现法国崇尚文化,独具和无可争议的优势。 招的结果是收到了1000份极富创意的方案,其中花样百出。如,设计一座巨大的断头台以象征帝国的死亡。设计一座350米的金字塔,塔上雕刻有英雄雕像和浮雕以描述大革命的主要事件等等。 但是,最“异想天开”的设计,还是来自年轻的设计师,古斯塔夫.埃菲尔的金属拱门塔方案。埃菲尔创意:“建造一座新颖的金属凯旋拱门来为现代科学和法国工业增光。这座拱门会给人独特的印象,也会超过历史上各种凯旋门形式。” 组委会委员、市政当局经比较和讨论,最终埃菲尔的铁塔门方案获得批准,当时新闻界大多数人也都对此方案表示欢迎。不过,所有人并没有料到,他们通过的这个方案成就了世博会历史上最激动人心的作品,也使1889年的世博会成为了经典。 80# 老顽童thtsjy 铁塔设计和建造 古斯塔夫-埃菲尔,1832年生于第戎,中学毕业后,他到巴黎中央大学求学。他在设计建造波尔多的杜罗河桥时,由于解决了桥梁支柱的稳定性的难而初露峰芒。很快,他又参与设计在美国纽约“自由女神”像,因内部复杂的结构而名杨四海。通过一个个大胆创新的建筑项目中,年轻的埃菲尔的才能很快得到了充分展示。 埃菲尔在方案通过后,在40个助手帮助下,绘制了5300幅工程图,涉及到建筑18038个部位。 1886年11月5日,法国贸易部长批准了埃菲尔团队提交的最后方案。并提供其预算2750万法郎中五分之一的资金。埃菲尔抵押了他的公司并设法筹足剩余五分之四的资金。 1887年1月铁塔正式开工,整个工地成了一个巨大的钢铁加工厂,每段钢材都在工厂里依照严密的计算,根据图纸精确制造,然后又严格检验、编号、并按图纸进行组装。高塔建造时现场并没有什么辅助脚架,全靠精密的计算和严密的管理,一根根沉重的钢材凭借手动液压装置精确顶到位置,再由人工用一个个烧红的铆钉,挥舞着铁锥一锤一锤加以铆接固定。铁塔用去15000根钢铁材料,二百五十万个铆钉,整座塔楼在水泥混凝土加固的底座上矗立。工程在28个月工期里,始终体现着严格而科学的秩序。 82# 老顽童thtsjy 铁塔引发的争议 埃菲尔自设计铁塔开始,面对的不仅是创新的技术难,还有因铁塔而引发的一场社会争议。因为,他的“通天塔”不仅激发了人们浓厚的好奇心,也产生了巨大的困惑。巴黎杰出的哥特建筑学派专家认为从数学角度考虑建造铁塔是不可能的。而最大的反对意见来自于巴黎的文学艺术家们。以著名作家盖.德.莫泊桑为首的47位著名人士发起了一项反对铁塔名活动,名的备忘录提交给巴黎政府并在报纸上公开发表。 反对和争议没有阻止建筑的进程,埃菲尔面对各种压力,始终沉着冷静,他认为铁塔一定会成功,他坚信建造铁塔将是完成一座人类理想的丰碑。 铁塔在塞纳河边渐渐升高,反对的意见逐步减少。人们开始冷静地看待铁塔,并对它的整体进行评估:大胆独创的铁塔,新颖别致的造型,直冲天穹的力量,张扬中却又充溢着浪漫的轻盈。这一切不又体现了法兰西民族独有的创造和创新的精神吗? 84# 老顽童thtsjy 铁塔建造成功 1889年3月31日星期日,铁塔主建筑完工,埃菲尔与一些世博会高官一起登上了塔顶,并发射了21发礼炮以示庆祝。埃菲尔升起法国三色国旗并骄傲的宣告“现在,世界上只有法国国旗能飘扬在300米的高空”。 艾菲尔铁塔,这个曾被嘲笑为“悲剧式的蜡烛台”,“可怕的钢材堆”“巨大的工业烟囱”为法国1889年巴黎世博会带来激情和滚滚财源。 艾菲尔与巴黎政府的铁塔合约在1889年5月起开始回报,根据合同条款,20年中,铁塔收益归艾菲尔所有,铁塔就象一个金矿,这个金矿给艾菲尔带来了极大的效益。 当20年后,铁塔移交给巴黎市,艾菲尔和巴黎市政府并没有料到,铁塔的收益会不断延续,在一个世纪后,铁塔仍然游人如织。 86# 老顽童thtsjy 世博会时的铁塔 1889年5月6日,随着埃菲尔铁塔上一声炮响,世博会正式开放,会期每天早晨铁塔上的炮声和晚上铁塔的灯光不仅成为世博会的景观,更是成为巴黎都市浪漫生活的组成。由于采用了电灯照明技术,这也成为第一次晚上也开放的世博会。 1889年世博会期间,登塔成为参观的主要目的和时髦,共有2百万人在会期参观了铁塔。 埃菲尔铁塔有三层:第一层为57.63米,设不同的餐厅;第二层115.73米,设不同的办公室,特别是费加罗报的办公室,负责为参观者办理登塔证书;第三层276.13米,是服务区、气象台,实验室(物理,气象,生物)和艾菲尔的办公室,一般不对游人开放。 埃菲尔铁塔有一部电梯,每次可容纳100人,斜升到57米高一层,另外一部可载50人的垂直电梯,开到115米高。电梯每小时可供2400人用。参观人也可以通过1792级楼梯徒步登塔,到顶层鸟瞰巴黎全景。 1886年,本茨制成世界上第一辆三轮内燃机汽车。1889年,本茨亲自驾驶着汽车在展示,大受欢迎,也预示人类的汽车时代已经到来。 1889年11月6日,法国卡尔诺总统主持了的盛大的世博会闭幕仪式,世博会明星爱迪生用新近发明的留声机,以播放埃菲尔宣布闭幕的声音作为博览会闭幕节目。 88# 老顽童thtsjy 铁塔的精神 1923年埃菲尔去世时,他的铁塔仍是世界上最高的建筑物,这一记录一直保持到1930年纽约克莱斯勒大厦建成,它比埃菲尔铁塔仅高出几米。 100多年来,埃菲尔铁塔历经风雨,屹立在塞纳河边,并成为巴黎城市的组成部分。百岁铁塔并没有因时间推移而失去代表时尚的美名,它那高耸、浪漫的丰韵成为了法国的志。它凝聚着崇尚创新的法兰西民族精神,它张扬着近代科学文明的威力,它彰显着巴黎城市无穷的文化魅力。 当然,人们也不会忘记伟大的世界博览会,正是这样的一个创造、创新的舞台造就不朽的埃菲尔先生和永远的埃菲尔铁塔。 90# 老顽童thtsjy 1893年美国芝加哥世博会 而今我们日常生活中离不开的拉链是由美国工程师Whitcomb L Judson发明并在1893年芝加哥世博会上亮相。
自从喜欢上旅行和行摄之后,清明小长假外出已成习惯。一年之际在于春,在这春暖花开之时,岂有窝家之理?今年的清明小长假选择了独行泰州,一来是去欣赏泰州那独有的垛田油菜花,二来是想去看看溱潼古镇,而这第三个要造访的泰州市区则是我的出生地,50多年了,这次回访泰州,只想找一找那童年曾有的一丝丝回忆。 4月4日晚,备好了行装,清明踏青行游准备启程。 晚10点,到火车站候车室候车。 此趟列车有点不靠谱,连续延长了三次晚点时间,直到近凌晨1点才检票上车。 4月5日早晨630,列车到达泰州站。泰州,我来了!自从在泰州出生后,5岁时曾随母亲回来过一次,这次再回泰州,已经时隔了50年。 出了火车站,我直接到长途车站买去兴化的车票。715,乘坐泰州—兴化的班车前往兴化。 车到兴化后,我没顾上歇息,赶紧到在网上预订的宾馆放行李,这次来兴化就为垛田油菜花而来,但考虑到缸顾镇油菜花景区游人太多,经宾馆老板娘推荐,乘坐10路公交去垛田镇高荡村。当公交驶至垛田镇的北腰村时,我已经被这里的景色吸引住了,中途喊公交司机停了车,我便开始了此行第一个景点的游览。 兴化的垛田油菜花景区现在兴化市缸顾镇,但垛田油菜花是起源于垛田镇,不然这垛田镇的名字由何而来呢?据当地村民讲,当初开发垛田油菜花景区时是想选在垛田镇的,是镇政府因某种原因没能争取到这个项目,最后由缸顾镇把项目拿了去。现在缸顾镇将垛田油菜花项目搞的风风火火、轰轰烈烈,而垛田镇却备受冷落,无人问津。而对于我这个游人而言,这受冷落的垛田镇却是我喜欢的地方,没有挤挤轧轧的人群,一个人在乡间清清静静的游,好不惬意哦。下了公交车,我站在路边就迫不及待的拿出了相机开始咔嚓了。兴化境内共保存垛田4.8万亩,其中垛田镇境内2.4万亩,是兴化垛田保存最好最为集中的地区。在这里,无数块垛田漂浮在水面上,形态各异,大小不等,大的两三亩,小的只有几分、几厘,垛与垛之间互不相连,四面环水,人称“千岛之乡”。 下车时并不知道这个村叫什么名字,只是看到这里风景无限就匆匆的下了车,问过村民才知道,这里叫北腰村。看这村名好像很老土,也不知这名因何而起,但现在村子的景象却让我感到意外,这哪里是个村子啊,分明就是一个度假别墅区嘛。只是别墅区的周边不是绿草坪而是金灿灿黄色的油菜花! 如果村子里偶尔有那么一座两座别墅我也就不觉得稀奇了,可在这里,几乎家家都是这样的房子,这让我这个来自江苏省最贫困地区的人可是大开了眼界。这样的居住条件可与我心中的农村相去甚远了。多年来面朝黄土背朝天的农民现在居然住上了这样的房子,看到农村这样的景象,真是让我感到非常的欣喜。 在北腰村口呆了一会,不甘心在村口这么溜达,干脆沿着村后的道路往田间走去。。。开始了一个人在垛田镇的“黄花之驴”。 喜欢上行摄的这些年来,每年春季油菜花开的日子,都是去皖南、婺源踏春行游,那里的乡村景致是黄色的菜花衬上白墙黛瓦的田园风景,而今年来泰州,其乡村景色则有了大不同,这样的乡村田园风景是我来之前完全没有想象到的。 白墙黛瓦是徽派风格,而这里是不是就该命名为“泰派风格”呢? 而垛田油菜又是泰州兴化的特色,这样的景色也就是泰州独有的了。兴化垛田,历史上是由古泻湖逐渐淤积而成的湖荡沼泽地带,在上游来水的冲击、下游海潮的顶托下形成了一个个大小不等、形态各异、高低错落的水中土丘。先民们为了抵御洪水,垒土成垛,垛上耕种,形成了垛田。到1986年,兴化境内共保存垛田4.8万亩,其中垛田镇境内2.4万亩,是兴化垛田保存最好最为集中的地区,无数块垛田漂浮在水面上,形态各异,大小不等,大的两三亩,小的只有几分、几厘,垛与垛之间互不相连,四面环水,人称“千岛之乡”。 人们进入垛田,无舟不行。垛田土体较厚,非常适宜于种植瓜果蔬菜。早在明代,垛田镇境内就有“两厢瓜圃”、“十里菱塘”两个景观列入了兴化地区的“昭阳十二景”中。20世纪50年代,垛田的油菜产量曾创全国之冠。 兴化垛田是千百年来世世代代垛田人于湖荡沼泽荒滩之上手挖肩挑堆垒而成,是垛田人的智慧结晶。兴化垛田作为一种独特的文化景观全国罕见,不仅具有审美价值,更具有重要的历史与科学价值。几年前就想着来兴化看垛田油菜花,一直没能成行,这次独行兴化,还真没让我失望。([]
在我心里,所谓的幸福就是:两个人,一辆车,满世界的美景。还有镜头里只有我的你!记忆中盛夏的婚礼和初秋启程的蜜月旅行,随着立冬节气的到来忽然就加快脚步离我远去了,是时候静下来好好做一个记录,记录这场从认识C同学的那一天起就无比期待的旅行。 有时候觉得和C同学的那场婚礼只是个华丽丽的幌子而已,并不代表要收心开始平淡的家庭生活,而是给了我一个正当的理由和C同学一起谋划一场远渡重洋的疯狂蜜月旅行——25天,从西到东,途经22个州,血格n次清零又迫于“长征”还没结束,只得用呈现在眼前的一个个壮丽景色努力让自己回血,开过雪原和荒漠,每天日夜兼程,行程13000公里,全无蜜月该有的闲适和甜蜜。只因为某一天你眼神清亮的看住我,说了句“想去”而已。行程路线图,第一次在地图上画出来的时候自己也被深深的震撼了一下,相对这个行程来说25天真的太短了,但是为了把有限的蜜月时间充分的利用起来,最大程度的看遍美国的美景,我们真的也是蛮拼的!微凉的西雅图的夜晚,美剧中无数次看到的太空针塔,看到它也算是实现了我多年的夙愿熊牙公路,确实算得上全美最险峻的高速公路,一路上看遍从林海到雪原的各种美景黄石公园东北门的lamar valley,在暮色的笼罩下变得格外温柔在这样荒芜人烟、鲜有车过的公路上 把车轮陷进了路边的沙土里,手机又没有信号,当时的心情,至今都还记得 很多朋友私信我,问我关于证和行程的事,私信回复太麻烦了,关于证可以加我QQ492107016,其实美国证很好办的,至于不会说英文,我觉得问不大C同学的小小梦想,娶了老婆还是要抱着裸女照相,我真是个宽容大度、温柔贤惠的好老婆。。。出发前,我本计划着这是一次两个摄影爱好者的旅行,相互学习摄影技术,木有想到就这么变成了你爱拍照我爱笑的世俗组合关于机票:由于这一次旅行终于不像前面的若干次那样说走就走,而是有一段不算短的准备时间,所以我们终于能享受到提前两个多月订票的幸福感(虽然我知道很多穷游大神都是提前半年订票的),去程我们买的是韩亚航空的机票,从北京经首尔飞旧金山,在首尔有一天的停留时间,两人共7500rmb;然后由于C同学突然脑子一热又很想去西雅图看看,所以我们又买了美联航的当天从旧金山飞西雅图的机票(我们真的是no zuo no die的典范啊)两人共1200rmb;回程就轻松多了,买了国航从华盛顿直飞北京的机票,两人共8500rmb,虽然跟有些大神淘到的廉价机票不能相比,但是由于航程的时间还是比较舒适合理的,所以我俩对这个票价还比较满意。关于证准备去美国旅游的话只要事情定下来第一件需要考虑的事情就是证,因为美国个人旅游给的时间是一年,在这一年期限里什么时候出发都可以,所以甚至不用考虑具体的行程,只要在面时准备一份简单的行程单就可以。而且只有证通过后才好安心订机票和酒店,所以越早越好。而且证是面时当场知道结果,干脆利落。Day 1盼望已久的蜜月终于开始了,醒来的时候脸上带着超灿烂的微笑~,早早爬起来继续打包前一天晚上没收拾完的行李,然后拿上两个大箱子和三个拎包奔去C同学的单位接上最后一秒钟还在打电话交接工作的C同学,速速赶往机场,托运了行李,坐在登机口,终于可以关掉手机了,暂时忘掉各种烦恼,好好享受两个人晃荡在异国他乡的幸福感等着登机的时候比较无聊所以拍了一下特地为这次行程去做的美甲,图案都是我自己设计的,从上到下依次是汉堡包、66号公路、纽约夜景和米国国旗,事实证明做个这种美甲还是有好处的,好多与当地人之间的交流都是从他们好奇的看我的指甲
Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享,俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦,俺先来个免责声明:1。杨同学不认识俺,也没有授权俺,如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止;2。俺没有商业目的,译版版权归杨同学,俺啥也不要,也不承担法律责任;3。没有杨同学授权,不敢擅自发在国外网站,发在原帖处,荣誉归8264;4。俺英语水平有限,欢迎指正,欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分,不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦,希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子,原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co, where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30), 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
五个月过去了。每当上班中总会翻开手机相册,满屏幕的蓝天雪山,此贴是刚回来写的。现在很感激学弟一路坚持下来,陪我走完了这三条沟,一路平安就好。每每想想cho la pass,前后无人,白兮兮的一片,倘若不是学弟在前面一步步,我一个人该是多么的害怕,虽然偶有直升机飞过~但~我那么渺小那么渺小~【墨脱、EBC,我还会再走一次,带着未来的老公~】2014.04.26 2013.11.23-12.04 全程重装18KG+,结束时还有15KG+(其实就最初吃了3袋山之厨,之后都在餐厅吃的)【碎碎念】当初要出发的时候,压根寻不到11月份的攻略,只好参考12月,或者其他的。很多人加我同行,但最终决定和学弟一起,不想太麻烦,但是没想到,反而是更大的麻烦。全程无什么大片,几乎手机拍摄,没有麦子同学同行,大家看不到美片了。【队员介绍】我-momo:喜好虐线,重装。高原重装经验2次。没有单独出行过。学弟-条条:无任何徒步,重装经验,高原仅仅骑行青海湖。全程无背夫向导,每个人都是18KG+,走了12天,每个地方只住了1晚。我认为CHHUKHUNG、GORAK SHEP、GOKYO是这三条沟,但也有人说THAM是一条,走RENJOPASS的。我所去的大的景点,有CHHUNKUNG RI,KALA PATHAR,EBC,CHO LA PASS,GOKYO RI,第四湖至于攻略,每晚在等晚餐的时候我都记录在日记本上,下面会一一拍照上传。全程条条只带了手机,我背了微单,但事实上还是习惯拿手机拍。山上充电一般300-400RS/1 小时,建议多带充电宝,或者太阳板!我肯定以后背太阳板!先上一张在布宫的合影吧!11.23 D1 LUKLA-MONJO11.24 D2 MONJO-NAMCHE11.25 D3 NAMCHE-PANGBOCHE11.26 D4 PANGBOCHE-DINGBOCHE11.27 D5 DINGBOCHE-CHHUKHUNG(RI)11.28 D6 CHHUKHUNG-LUBOCHE11.29 D7 LUBOCHE-GORAK SHEP(KALA PATHAR)11.30 D8EBC-GORAK SHEP-DZONGLA12.01 D9 DZONGLA-cho la pass-THAGNAK12.02 D10 THAGNAK-GOKYO(RI/第四湖)12.03 D11 GOKYO-NAMCHE12.04 D12 NAMCHE-LUKLA 其实,这次徒步,我没有做什么攻略,没空~只带了常规装备,看了下怎么走,下了别人的线路安排,大致就完事了,至于哪座山是哪座,全部是条条看的地图。最坑爹的是千万别买中文版的,那神翻译,额~还是买英文版的!D0 2013.11.22 从泰米尔打的士过去旅游局貌似150RS可以搞定,不远,走过去也行,在球场那边。这一天办理登山证和TIMS卡 一共5010RS,购买往返机票。去帕坦超市shopping买菜,晚上在家煮火锅,为我们践行。现在机票没有OPEN,但可以到时候改,改我们最后在LUKLA被骗了,压根没法直接改,最好的办法就是早上六点去赶最早那班飞机,看看有没有空位。在尼泊尔境内飞机最好购买最早班的,其余的变故太多。再者,LUKLA下午一点后雾大不安全。LUKLA想必大家都知道是死亡机场,所以,坐最早班才是王道,全程飞机30-40分钟,海拔不超过4000M。我在飞机上往返都看的有透明胶带贴的玻璃窗户。 坐在摆渡车上,无聊啊~下面那堆机师在聊天,等我们上了飞机,他们两个在看报纸~小飞机坐12个人~我跑去要拍空姐,很配合的微笑,之后我坐下了,她跑来拿我的相机拍我~这个笑嘻嘻的帅哥是日本人~旁边那个是他女朋友吧!我一直觉得那个妹纸是中国人~感觉不像日本人~呵呵!此行飞机9名乘客,我和条条两个中国人,日本人2,韩国人1,尼泊尔人1,另外三个不大清楚~我旁边的货物~擦!传说中的死亡机场。这跑道。够味儿!LUKLA 抵达已是中午了。在最后一家餐厅吃了炒饭,买了气罐,800RS 230G 出发啦!!!!第一天到MONJO一路都有花园洋房,可供休息。有些攻略里说的不够仔细,说这一路1-2小时都有这样的地方。其实不是的,至少只在LUKLA到NAMCHE一路是如此,并且这一路感觉是在村子里穿梭~之后NAMCHE越往后越少,甚至一路都不会有了。所以,大家还是备点儿路餐,我就吃巧克力和葡萄干~说实话,建议带牛肉干,无奈我没胃口,压根没怎么吃,后来回LUKLA遇上在加都要去EBC的朋友,就都给他们了,所以我这一路食物其实也没怎么减轻重量。他们是准备很多,连老干妈水果都带上了,超级无敌幸福~小孩子回头一直看着我,可惜我木有糖果~晚上五点到了MONJO,天色已暗。在此之前好像遇到了一个检查站,在右边,你过去之后,工作人员在其他地方会跑出来,反正我英文再烂,也认识check!这一路的房间都是200-300RS~如果是一个人就是100-150RSD2 MONJO-NAMCHE这是我们第一晚住的客栈。在此之前,在加都,那几个走ACT的因为遇到大雨,在中途的小村落住下了,窗户是坏的,导致手机现金全部被偷了,他们一再强调,要我们多加注意,东西放在睡袋里,并且找有宗教信仰的客栈。这一路都是新丰的藏传佛教~餐厅里都是XX的照片~MONJO到NAMCHE 下午两三点就到了,我们早上都是八点半多才出发。我真心忍耐了那么多天,条条收拾打包比我可以慢一小时,我们烧水之前,他放在外面的东西很少,就等烧完水把炉具放进去,结果还需要再半小时。让我相当崩溃,可能我耐性不好吧!我是女生,我戴隐形,我也擦护肤品,我就不知道我为什么打包比他快那么多。伤心~到最后,更坑爹的事情发生了,大家慢慢看吧!我就各种吐槽吧!到了NAMCHE 我们住的是NAMCHE HOTEL 最便宜是3美金的房间 房间内是唯一这一路可以充电的,免费的,洗澡300RS一人旁边有卖WIFI和机票的店铺,老板很好,我们每次买WIFI他都给我们更长的时间,半小时/100RS 1小时/200RS 12小时/500RS当晚条条在他下班(9点)去买1小时,结果整晚他都可以用。那边的WIFI是给你账户在网页登陆的,他们在电脑上设置时长。我们返回的时候,买了1小时,他给了两个半小时。NAMCHE HOTEL里的尼泊尔套饭很不错~对面是个户外店~当天下午抵达,看到了雪山和日落雪山~房间在23号 有两个窗户~超赞!手机拍摄~路上的自己和雪山~在铁桥上,在那里看到了彩虹,水雾拍打出来的,一直都在,黄色绿色紫色,相当漂亮。很小很小。是条条发现的~很远。NAMCHE的夜景,当晚就在纠结到底买BD的哪种登山杖~哈哈!纠结了一晚,一大早跑去买了,一直很喜欢,却一直舍不得,这边的比美代的还便宜~在NAMCHE 我们没有休整,有些人担心高反会休整,我们觉得没问~所以一大早就出发了。在NAMCHE遇到三个广东来摄影的大哥。NAMCHE之后遇到几个无锡流浪者还是什么俱乐部的~都有背夫~前者不去第一条沟,后者只去EBC~ D3 NAMCHE-TENGBOCHE-ANGBOCHE有攻略里说这天的路很折腾,我觉得还好吧!中午下降到3250,检查站,登记各自信息和背夫向导信息,最好完整,出什么事可以查到的。结果没有在那里吃东西,导致后来走了2个小时才有水源,让我饿肚子是件非常可怕的事情。条条也一路开始催我,很烦人,我就要慢慢走。这天很热,老外都是短袖短裤,我们包的严实,担心晒黑晒伤了,无奈头巾裹着头,呼吸不顺,我还是拉下来了,就这一天,鼻子就晒黑了。刚刚离开NAMCHE~ 我跟条条的合影。外加自己的背影。央求他给我拍的,我喜欢背影。可惜他不爱给我拍照~555~如果麦子在的话!大家又可以欣赏大片了!终于吃上第一顿山之厨了,为什么鳌太的时候觉得好好吃,现在却觉得好难吃。这一路只吃了三代,剩下的7袋在加都给丁丁了,他估计带去印度~他从JIRI走的EBC,走了21天来回,并且被困了一周,相当苦逼~并且他穿牛仔裤走的,还在5100冲水管澡~相当劲爆!([]
理由:过个有意义的50岁 动身去尼泊尔EBC徒步是在出发前40天,儿子电话邀我去尼泊尔ABC徒步,还说不请背夫。上网搜了游记攻略,觉得有些难度。虽然到过玉龙雪山、爬过华山;儿子到过黄龙、爬过黄山。。。。。。为了50岁过的有意义,同意前行。办护照、找旅行社代办证、下班徒步或慢跑1小时,购置简单的装备,确定行程,订机票。出发前一星期儿子又改了,告知要去EBC徒步,说是行走在海拔4000米以上,每天与雪山为伴是多么美的事。行程:2012年10月4日成都飞加德满都D1(10月6日):加德满都——Lukla(卢克拉,2840米)——Phakding(帕克丁,2610米)。到达后,站在夜幕下淋着小雨看星星。D2(10月7日):Phakding(帕克丁,2610米)——Monjo(2840米)——Namche Bazar(南池巴扎,3440米)。D3(10月8日):Namche(南池,3440米)------Tengpoche(邓波切,3860米)。D4(10月9日):Tengboche(邓波切,3860米)----Dingboche(丁波切,4410米) ,到达后,下雪啦。D5(10月10日):Dingboche(丁波切,4410)——Chhukhung(去贡,4730米) ——Chhukhung-Ri(5550米)——Chhukhung(去贡,4730米)。D6(10月11日):Chhukhung(去贡,4730米)——Dingboche(丁波切,4410米) ——Lobuche(罗布切,4910米)。D7(10月12日):Lobuche(罗布切,4910米) ——Gorak Shep(米格拉舍普,5140米)——Kala Patthar(卡拉帕塔,5545米)——Gorap Shep(米格拉舍普,5140米)。D8(10月13日):Gorap Shep(格拉舍普,5140米)——EBC(珠峰大本营,5364米)——Gorak Shep(米格拉舍普,5140米) ——Lobuche(罗布切,4910米)。D9(10月14日):Lobuche(罗布切,4910米)——Namche (南池,3440米)。到达后,洗澡。D10(10月15日): Namche(南池,3440米)——Phakding(帕克丁,2610米) —— Lukla(卢克拉,2840米)。D11(10月16日):Lukla(卢克拉,2840米)——加德满都。2012年10月18日加德满都飞成都。 费用:加德满都往返Lukla机票美金260/人机场税 Rs200/人进山许可证(TIMS) /人,付了Rs 1800 /人珠峰公园门票 3000 Rs /人各徒步点住宿Rs 200-500 /双人间各徒步点餐饮Rs 300-500 /份各徒步点开水Rs 300-700 /瓶各徒步点饮料Rs 50-130 /杯EBC徒步费用明细表单位:卢比日期10月6日10月7日10月8日10月9日10月10日10月11日10月12日10月13日10月14日10月15日10月16日合计水3606009009001150115013401100600600 8700早餐90500360740740480640840720340 5450中餐 720650760720900780 210 4740晚餐15607208007709201010700800600720 8600饮料180 160310180180 260300200 1770住宿300200300300500500500500200200 3500打的400 350750洗澡200600 600500 1900充电 200 220 420建设费400 400800进山证 3600 3600门票 6000 6000合计3490131403170378042104220418035003020277075046230备注:2个人的费用,10月6日和13日的中餐是浙江义乌驴友霸道请客的药品: 1、抗高原反映药:红景天、芬必得(去头痛)。(必不可少)2、感冒药:感冒冲剂、康泰克。(必不可少)3、肠胃药:整肠丸。(必不可少,多带点)4、消炎药:头孢。(适量)5、清火药:牛黄解毒片、咽炎片。(用得较多)6、跌打药:创可贴,活络油。(只带活络油就行了)7、急救药:速效救心丸。(没用上)8、其他:药棉、紗布、绷带。(很少用)装备:60L登山包及防雨罩、25L登山包及防雨罩、腰包、2个睡袋、登山杖、冲锋衣抓绒衣各一件、速干内衣2件、短袖T恤两件、冲锋裤一条、抓绒裤一条、保暖衣一套、速干裤一条、休闲裤一条、登山鞋拖鞋各一双、内衣裤、袜(4双)、护膝、手套、遮阳帽、绒线帽、头巾、墨镜、手电、头灯、瑞士军dao、、保温杯、水杯、雨披、塑料袋、晾衣绳洗簌用品:牙刷,牙膏,毛巾,浴液、洗发水、防晒霜,晒后修复霜、润唇膏、面霜、餐巾纸、湿巾纸、卫生纸等食品:巧克力、牛肉干、西洋参、奶糖、榨菜、紫菜汤包、饼干、火腿肠。准备好行装,第一次走出国门,开始我俩的EBC徒步之旅了10月4日:成都飞加德满都10月3日南昌飞成都与儿子毛毛的猫汇合,儿子跟导师请假说是陪老妈去徒步。10月4日国航成都至加德满都CA407,815起飞,我们坐在飞机右侧,1015抵达拉萨贡嘎机场,在贡嘎机场边检过海关。北京时间1120拉萨贡嘎机场起飞,北京时间1210左右透过飞机的眩窗,眺望到世界第一高峰—珠穆朗玛峰以及其他几座喜马拉雅山的冰雪巨人。飞机上看拉萨飞机上看喜马拉雅山加德满都当地时间1030抵达加德满都机场,顺利过关,提取行李,并在飞机场与偶遇的上海驴友一起打车到加德满都的凤凰宾馆住下。我们入住凤凰宾馆最贵的间Rs1500上海驴友已订好10月6日飞卢卡拉的机票,我们赶紧上街找旅行社订加德满都到卢克拉的机票。由于9.28空难和天气原因,小飞机已停运一星期,10月6日开始运营,一票难求。选了一家旅行社预定好10月6日加德满都往返卢卡拉机票2张,谈妥价格520美金,预付定金200美金。全是儿子与她们交谈,我是不懂英语的。办完正事已是下午2点,在外国人餐厅吃了馍馍和椰子饭。下午5点开始在尼泊尔的首都逛街走进水果店,点了2杯榨水果汁Rs80一杯,逛街逛到小菜市场买了个椰子,比海南的个小,付35Rs神庙到处可见的叶子晚上6点,夜幕降临,置身于铜的世界穿街走巷,又见寺庙晚上6点,走进卖传统帽子的小店,儿子与尼泊尔人交流,店主很热情的邀我俩跟她上楼,走在昏暗的楼道上,吓的我叫儿子不要跟上去。儿子不理会,我只好跟着走,原来是个更大的店面,她的老爸在那。儿子当了回店小二。儿子头戴尼泊尔传统帽子,身穿耀眼的黄衣服,手拿ipad走在大街上,时不时拍些风景、人物,引来许多尼泊尔人特别是年轻人围观,就跟当初我们看外国人一样,我怎么没拿照相机拍下来,笨幽静的小巷晚上6点30分,好像走到主街上,一下热闹了,街道右边人们虔诚的祈祷,左边舞台上唱着激情洋溢的歌晚上7点逛到杜巴广场,晚上是不收门票的这里正在开会,主席台前有人在演讲,右边站着好多持枪的士兵,还停着一辆大卡车,台下一半人都没有;左边一头大黄牛,过往的尼泊尔人都用手摸它,再摸额头加德满都的夜晚,人多、摩托车多做三轮车到宾馆花了20分钟,付200Rs,晚上8点半在凤凰宾馆吃的晚餐,铁板牛肉值得推荐10月5日:加德满都偶遇的上海3位驴友和我们一样,要下午4点去预订机票的旅行社看是否有机票。在凤凰宾馆吃过免费早餐,我们5人早上徒步半小时左右到了猴庙。这里有长眼睛的佛塔,有太多的猴子,还可以俯瞰加都全景。([]
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